What is cancer and how we research it

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We explain how we carry out research at CNIO to improve cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment. There are infographics, texts and interviews.

Understanding the origin of cancer is fundamental. We know it’s a disease that occurs due to errors -mutations- in the genetic material of our cells. What causes these mutations? In 80% of cases, they are caused by environmental factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, exposure to the sun, poor diet or low physical activity. But there are also mutations that are inherited.

At CNIO, we conduct research into mutations caused by environmental factors as well as inherited ones. In general, we look for the molecular causes that explain why cancer starts developing.

We also investigate so we can detect cancer as soon as possible, using techniques such as liquid biopsy. And we begin the first phases of drug development. The best candidate compounds can move on to the next stages, in partnership with pharmaceutical companies. We are also making progress in the development of personalised treatments, such as CAR-T cell immunotherapy therapies.

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